SICA·Hurun Global Art List 2020 – In Search of the World’s Most Successful Living Artists

UK-born David Hockney, 83, most valuable artist in the world alive today, with sales of his works at auction last year of US$130.64 million, just ahead of Germany-born Gerhard Richter, 88, with US$130.57 million

USA led with 15 of the Hurun Global Artists Top 50, ahead of China with 11 and the UK with 7.  ‘Big Three Countries’ made up two thirds of artists.

14 works of art sold for above US$10 million, led by Jeff Koons Rabbit, which sold for a new world record for a living artist at US$91 million

7 of the world’s 50 most successful artists alive today are female, led by Yayoi Kusama of Japan. Three of the seven are from the UK.

7 are 50 or under, led by Jonas Wood of the US and Adrian Ghenie of Romania, both aged 43. Average age 68yrs.

Leading Authority on Global Wealth releases inaugural Hurun Global Art List in association with Shanghai art auction house SICA.

(18 December 2020, Shanghai) The Hurun Research Institute today launched the SICA·Hurun Global Art List 2020, a ranking of the Top 50 Global artists alive today based on the sales of their works at public auction in the year ending 31 December 2019. This is the first year of the Hurun Global Art List.

The SICA·Hurun Global Art List 2020 comes in a ‘1+6’ format, led by a ranking of the world’s most successful artists alive today, together with six country rankings, including China, USA, UK & Ireland, Japan, India and Australia.

Artprice.com, a compiler of art statistics, provided the art auction data for non-China, whilst China data was from CAFA National Institute of Art and Cultural Policy.

Hurun Chairman and Chief Researcher Rupert Hoogewerf said, “The Hurun Global Art List is targeted at those who have the ability to collect, but don’t know where to start. There are just under 50 million dollar millionaires in the world today, many of whom have not yet started collecting art.  I hope this inaugural Hurun Global Art List can give them an entry point to understanding more about who the world’s best-selling living artists are.”

Table: SICA·Hurun Global Art List 2020 – Top 10

Rank	Artist	Sales US$’000	Age	Country
1	David Hockney	130,638	83	UK
2	Gerhard Richter	130,569	88	Germany
3	Ed Ruscha	116,881	83	USA
4	Jeff Koons	111,103	65	USA
5	Kaws	108,587	46	USA
6	Yoshitomo Nara	100,442	61	Japan
7	Yayoi Kusama	98,776	91	Japan
8	Frank Stella	61,756	84	USA
9	Christopher Wool	54,853	65	USA
10	Cui Ruzhuo	48,813	76	China

Source: Hurun Research Institute. Artprice.com provided the art auction data for non-China, whilst China data was from CAFA National Institute of Art and Cultural Policy.

Bradford-born David Hockney, 83, topped the Hurun Global Art List with sales last year at auction of US$130.64 million. His 1969 work Henry Geldzahler and Christopher Scott sold at Christie’s London for US$49.6 million. Half his works sold at auction in the US and half in the UK. Hockney lives between Yorkshire, London and California.

Gerhard Richter, 88, was second with sales last year of US$$130.57 million. His Vogelfluglinie sold for US$20.48million. His works have varied styles, covering Romanticism, Photorealism, Abstract Expressionism, Minimalism and Pop Art.

Ed Ruscha, 83, ranked 3^rd. Born in Omaha in 1937, he is one of the pioneers of American pop art and conceptual art. Many unconventional materials (such as food, beverages, plants) have been used in the creation of his works. What is familiar to the public is his original Word Paintings series. Sales of Ruscha’s works made US$116.8 million.

Jeff Koons, 65, was fourth, and is best-known for combining pop culture and sculpture aesthetics, such as the stainless steel sculpture Balloon Dog. What caused an uproar in the art circle last year was his sculpture Rabbit created in 1986, which was sold for US$91 million.

Kaws, 46, by far the youngest artist in the Top 10, is from New Jersey and last year his works sold at public auction for US$108.59 million. Starting from pioneering graffiti art, Kaws has extended to dolls, sculptures, screen printing, collaborations with fashion stars, and cross-border creation of popular fashion brands.

Yoshitomo Nara, 61, was sixth with sales over US$100 million. In the 2019 Hong Kong Autumn Auction, Nara sold 18 works in Poly, Sotheby’s and Guardian, with a transaction rate of 94%.The house installation at Poly Auction was by far the largest artist’s work in auction, and represents the peak period of Nara’s creation.

Yayoi Kusama, 91, ranked 7^th. The only female artist in the Top 10 and the eldest artist in the Top 10. Kusama is known as the ‘Queen of Polka Dots’, and has been popular all over the world for more than 70 years with her highly infectious avant-garde artistic creation and legendary artistic personality.

Frank Stella, 84. His simple geometric paintings made him the leader of the minimalist abstract art movement in the 1960s and one of the first painters to use three-dimensional canvas. In his paintings and sculptures, he often refers to music, literature, and philosophy, and injects intriguing connotations into abstract works. For example, the series Diderot in 1974 was named after a French philosopher in the 18th century; in the series Scarlatti in 2006, the name of each work was created by the Italian musician. Each piece in the 2006 Scarlatti series is named after an 18th-century keyboard sonata composed by the Italian musician.

Christopher Wool, 65. The artist emerged in the New York art world in the early 1980s, and is known for his text paintings, white canvas and black stencil letters. From the early 1990s to the present, screen printing technology has become the main form of Christopher Wool’s artistic creation. In the abstract paintings he created, he used a spray gun to spray out his ideas one after another, creating many dazzling paintings.

Cui Ruzhuo, 76, is the only China artist to make the Top 10. Cui has topped the Hurun China Art List for six years, and last year sales of his works came to US$49 million.

Table: World’s Top Living Artists by Country

The US had 15 of the Hurun Global Artists Top 50, ahead of China with 11 and the UK with 7. The Hurun Global Top 50 came from 14 countries.

	Country	No. of Artists
1	USA	15
2	China	11
3	UK	7
4	Germany	4
4	Japan	4
6	Colombia	1
6	Ethiopia	1
6	France	1
6	Ireland	1
6	Italy	1
6	Panama	1
6	Romania	1
6	South Africa	1
6	South Korea	1

Source: Hurun Research Institute. Artprice.com provided the art auction data for non-China, whilst China data was from CAFA National Institute of Art and Cultural Policy.

Table: Most Expensive works of art sold at auction by living artists in the past year

The most expensive work of art sold at public auction in the past year was the 1986 sculpture Rabbit by Jeff Koons, which sold for a new world record by a living artist of US$91 million at Christie’s New York. Six of the Top 10 most expensive works sold last year were from American artists.

	Most Expensive Artwork	Highest Result US$’000	Artist	Country
1	Rabbit (1986)	91,075	Jeff Koons	USA
2	Hurting the Word Radio #2 (1964)	52,485	Ed Ruscha	USA
3	Henry Geldzahler and Christopher Scott (1969)	49,562	David Hockney	UK
4	Point of Pines (1959)	28,083	Frank Stella	USA
5	Knife Behind Back (2000)	24,950	Yoshitomo Nara	Japan
6	Vogelfluglinie (1967)	20,478	Gerhard Richter	Germany
7	Lotus Pond in Autumn (2019)	19,604	Cui Ruzhuo	China
8	Vignette 19 (2014)	18,488	Kerry Marshall	USA
9	The Kaws Album (2005)	14,773	Kaws	USA
10	Untitled	14,000	Christopher Wool	USA

Source: Hurun Research Institute. Artprice.com provided the art auction data for non-China, whilst China data was from CAFA National Institute of Art and Cultural Policy.

Table: Female artists of the Hurun Global Art List 2020

7 of the world’s 50 most successful artists alive today are female, led by Yayoi Kusama of Japan with sales of US$98.8 million last year. Three of the seven are from the UK.

Rank	Artist	Sales US$’000	Age	Country
1	Yayoi Kusama	98,776	91	Japan
2	Cecily Brown	22,511	51	UK
3	Jenny Saville	15,584	50	UK
4	Julie Mehretu	14,111	50	Ethiopia
5	Bridget Riley	12,897	89	UK
6	Marlene Dumas	10,535	67	South Africa
7	Dana Schutz	9,888	44	USA

Source: Hurun Research Institute. Artprice.com provided the art auction data for non-China, whilst China data was from CAFA National Institute of Art and Cultural Policy.

Table: Youngest artists of the Hurun Global Art List 2020

7 are 50 or under, led by Jonas Wood of the US and Adrian Ghenie of Romania, both aged 43.

Artist	Age	Sales US$’000	Country
Jonas Wood	43	22,485	USA
Adrian Ghenie	43	17,470	Romania
Dana Schutz	44	9,888	USA
Kaws	46	108,587	USA
Banksy	46	29,665	UK
Jenny Saville	50	15,584	UK
Julie Mehretu	50	14,111	Ethiopia

Source: Hurun Research Institute. Artprice.com provided the art auction data for non-China, whilst China data was from CAFA National Institute of Art and Cultural Policy.

Other Artists of Note

Pierre Soulages is the only artist from France to make the Hurun Global Artists Top 50 and at 101 years, is the oldest artist on the list. From the age of six, Soulages was obsessed with black. Black runs through Soulages’ entire artistic career and made his works popular in Eastern countries. In many of his works, the dark and light black elements are more or less similar to the form of Chinese ink painting, and both emphasize the artistic conception and charm, simplicity and atmosphere.

Jonas Wood, 43, the youngest artist in the Top 50. His wife, Shio Kusaka, was a ceramist, and they both had a passion for bottles. In Wood’s paintings, we can always find the shadow of Kusaka pottery vase. Wood changes the colour or size of the clay bottles, but when their works are placed together, one can immediately feel the mutual artistic influence between them.

Lee Ufan was born in a family with strong Confucianism in South Korea and was influenced by Eastern traditional thinking since childhood. While studying poetry, calligraphy, and painting, Lee became particularly aware of the natural appeal and profound environment of landscape paintings.

Tomoo Gokita, ranked 50^th, Japanese artist. His father was a graphic designer for Playboy magazine in the 1970s, so he was so impressed that the images in erotic magazines became one of the important reference materials for Gokita’s later artistic creation. Interestingly, Kaws has a Gokita painting hanging on the wall of his living room.

Appendix – SICA·Hurun Global Art List 2020 – In Search of the World’s Greatest Living Artists

Rank	Artist	Sales US$’000	Age	Country
1	David HOCKNEY	130,638	83	UK
2	Gerhard RICHTER	130,569	88	Germany
3	Ed RUSCHA	116,881	83	USA
4	Jeff KOONS	111,103	65	USA
5	KAWS	108,587	46	USA
6	Yoshitomo NARA	100,442	61	Japan
7	Yayoi KUSAMA	98,776	91	Japan
8	Frank STELLA	61,756	84	USA
9	Christopher WOOL	54,853	65	USA
10	CUI Ruzhuo	48,813	76	China
11	Pierre SOULAGES	48,294	101	France
12	LIU Ye	48,006	56	China
13	Morton Wayne THIEBAUD	40,489	100	USA
14	George CONDO	36,417	63	USA
15	Kerry James MARSHALL	35,915	65	USA
16	Albert OEHLEN	31,153	66	Germany
17	Richard PRINCE	30,323	71	Panama
18	BANKSY	29,665	46	UK
19	HUANG Jiannan	29,417	68	China
20	Mark BRADFORD	29,172	59	USA
21	Fernando BOTERO	27,458	88	Colombia
22	Rudolf STINGEL	25,677	64	Italy
23	ZHOU Chunya	23,980	65	China
24	FAN Zeng	22,953	82	China
25	Cecily BROWN	22,511	51	UK
26	Jonas WOOD	22,485	43	USA
27	Takashi MURAKAMI	20,994	58	Japan
28	Damien HIRST	20,926	55	UK
29	Alex KATZ	20,520	93	USA
30	Adrian GHENIE	17,470	43	Romania
31	Georg BASELITZ	17,331	82	Germany
32	LENG Jun	17,273	57	China
33	Mark TANSEY	16,253	71	USA
34	ZENG Fanzhi	15,789	56	China
35	Jenny SAVILLE	15,584	50	UK
36	LEE Ufan	15,443	84	South Korea
37	Brice MARDEN	15,257	82	USA
38	Julie MEHRETU	14,111	50	Ethiopia
39	Anselm KIEFER	13,716	75	Germany
40	ZHANG Xiaogang	13,359	62	China
41	Bridget RILEY	12,897	89	UK
42	ZHU Yaokui	12,454	88	China
43	Mark GROTJAHN	12,221	52	USA
44	Marlene DUMAS	10,535	67	South Africa
45	Sean SCULLY	10,466	75	Ireland
46	Antony GORMLEY	10,233	70	UK
47	LIU Xiaodong	9,919	57	China
48	Dana SCHUTZ	9,888	44	USA
49	JIN Shangyi	9,358	86	China
50	Tomoo GOKITA	9,104	51	Japan

Source: Hurun Research Institute. Artprice.com provided the art auction data for non-China, whilst China data was from CAFA National Institute of Art and Cultural Policy.

Appendix – Hurun China Art List 2020

Rank	Rank Change	Artist	Sales US$’000	Change yoy %	Age	Category
1	0	Cui Ruzhuo	48,813	-62%	76	Chinese Ink
2	11	Liu Ye	48,006	416%	56	Oil
3	1	Huang Jiannan	29,417	3%	68	Oil/Chinese Ink
4	-2	Zhou Chunya	23,980	-47%	65	Oil
5	-2	Fan Zeng	22,953	-33%	82	Chinese Ink
6	New	Leng Jun	17,273	–	57	Oil
7	-2	Zeng Fanzhi	15,789	-35%	56	Oil
8	-2	Zhang Xiaogang	13,359	-33%	62	Oil
9	6	Zhu Yaokui	12,454	46%	88	Oil/Chinese Ink
10	23	Liu Xiaodong	9,919	119%	57	Oil
11	7	Jin Shangyi	9,358	20%	86	Oil
12	24	Zhou Yansheng	9,241	128%	78	Chinese Ink
13	-5	Chen Zhongzhou	8,793	-45%	42	Chinese Ink
14	6	Liu Wei	8,026	12%	55	Oil
15	11	Liu Guang	6,629	5%	51	Chinese Ink
16	25	Li Zhen	5,652	57%	57	Sculpture
17	-3	Huang Yongyu	5,365	-38%	96	Chinese Ink
18	31	Wang Guangyi	4,792	60%	64	Oil
19	26	Chen Peiqiu	4,644	48%	98	Chinese Ink
20	9	Fang Chuxiong	4,631	-19%	70	Chinese Ink
21	7	Wang Mingming	4,438	-27%	68	Chinese Ink
22	24	Huo Chunyang	4,383	40%	74	Chinese Ink
23	36	Shi Qi	4,333	82%	81	Chinese Ink
24	39	Wang Xingwei	4,261	94%	52	Oil
25	9	Zhu Ming	4,003	-8%	82	Sculpture
26	48	Fang Lijun	3,941	134%	57	Oil
27	New	Jia Aili	3,774	–	41	Oil
28	-4	Liu Guosong	3,705	-43%	88	Chinese Ink/Oil
29	-6	Ren Zhong	3,697	-46%	44	Chinese Ink
30	-3	Luo Zhongli	3,109	-49%	72	Oil
31	-9	Sun Qifeng	3,081	-56%	100	Chinese Ink
32	24	Wang Ziwu	2,726	6%	84	Chinese Ink
33	-8	Shi Guoliang	2,714	-58%	64	Chinese Ink
34	-11	Guan Weijun	2,680	-42%	64	Oil
35	-23	He Jiaying	2,614	-74%	63	Chinese Ink
36	14	Shang Yang	2,485	-14%	78	Oil
37	42	Zhao Bandi	2,468	54%	54	Oil
38	New	Hao Liang	2,443	–	37	Chinese Ink
39	28	Han Meilin	2,440	26%	84	Chinese Ink
40	New	Mao Xuhui	2,381	–	64	Oil
41	New	Chen Danqing	2,343	–	67	Oil
42	-12	Yue Minjun	2,333	-59%	58	Oil
43	8	He Duoling	1,927	-33%	72	Oil
44	0	Lin Yong	1,915	-40%	78	Chinese Ink
45	42	Mi Qiaoming	1,781	42%	34	Oil
46	New	Cai Guoqiang	1,653	–	63	Contemporary Art
47	13	Tian Liming	1,620	-32%	65	Chinese Ink
48	10	Jia Youfu	1,614	-35%	78	Chinese Ink
49	New	Yang  Feiyun	1,598	–	66	Oil
50	19	Fan Yang	1,554	-19%	65	Chinese Ink
51	35	Nan Haiyan	1,550	14%	58	Chinese Ink
52	-5	Xu Lele	1,408	-54%	65	Chinese Ink
53	New	Duan Jianyu	1,327	–	48	Oil
54	New	Ding Yi	1,321	–	58	Oil
55	2	Wang Yong	1,267	-50%	72	Chinese Ink
56	22	Zeng Fu	1,257	-22%	85	Chinese Ink
57	New	Ouyang Zhongshi	1,228	–	92	Chinese Ink
58	3	Wang Yidong	1,170	-49%	65	Oil
59	-24	Yu Youhan	1,159	-71%	77	Oil
60	New	Zhang Enli	1,153	–	55	Oil
61	New	Pang Maokun	1,132	–	57	Oil
62	-10	Shen Peng	1,051	-62%	89	Chinese Ink
63	17	Chen Ping	1,028	-36%	60	Chinese Ink
64	32	Xu Bing	966	-5%	65	Oil
65	10	Feng Dazhong	858	-48%	71	Chinese Ink
66	-4	Liu Wei	857	-62%	48	Oil
67	New	Wang Guangle	847	–	44	Oil
68	New	Liang Yuanwei	805	–	43	Oil
69	8	Liu Dan	796	-50%	67	Chinese Ink
70	-4	Pang Jun	792	-61%	84	Oil
71	-40	Wang Huaiqing	747	-86%	76	Oil
72	-28	Mao Yan	734	-76%	52	Oil
73	-58	Liu Dawei	726	-91%	75	Chinese Ink
74	-24	Xiong Honggang	712	-73%	61	Chinese Ink
75	-10	Wang Xijing	670	-64%	74	Chinese Ink
76	-60	Xu Qinsong	668	-91%	68	Chinese Ink
77	New	Chen Fei	629	–	37	Oil
78	New	Lu Yushun	625	–	58	Chinese Ink
79	-11	Yu Jigao	610	-66%	88	Chinese Ink
80	-21	Feng Yuan	532	-75%	68	Chinese Ink
81	-10	Guo Runwen	531	-67%	65	Oil
82	New	Yang Ermin	492	–	54	Chinese Ink
83	New	Wang Jianwei	467	–	62	Image
83	New	Tai Ping	467	–	60	Oil
85	New	Zhan Wang	454	–	58	Sculpture
86	New	Li Guijun	439	–	56	Oil
87	-9	Tang Yongli	422	-71%	69	Chinese Ink
88	New	Yin Chaoyang	419	–	50	Oil
89	New	Chen Yongqiang	412	–	72	Chinese Ink
90	-27	Jia Guangjian	390	-71%	56	Chinese Ink
91	New	Xu Lei	378	–	57	Chinese Ink
92	New	Wang Yin	364	–	56	Oil
93	New	Li Jin	339	–	62	Chinese Ink
93	-75	Ai Xuan	339	-95%	73	Oil/Chinese Ink
95	New	Sui Jianguo	335	–	64	Sculpture
96	New	Ji Dachun	290	–	52	Oil
96	-12	Jiang Hongwei	290	-75%	63	Chinese Ink
98	-61	Xue Liang	286	-93%	64	Chinese Ink
99	-9	Long Rui	258	-75%	74	Chinese Ink
100	-33	Chen Wenji	251	-86%	66	Oil

Source: Hurun Research Institute. Data was from CAFA National Institute of Art and Cultural Policy.

Appendix – Hurun US Art List 2020

Rank	Artist	Sales US$’000	Age	Most Expensive Artwork	Highest Result US$
1	Ed RUSCHA	116,881	83	Hurting the Word Radio #2 (1964)	52,485,000
2	Jeff KOONS	111,103	65	Rabbit (1986)	91,075,000
3	KAWS	108,587	46	The Kaws Album (2005)	14,772,677
4	Frank STELLA	61,756	84	Point of Pines (1959)	28,082,500
5	Christopher WOOL	54,853	65	Untitled	14,000,000
6	Morton Wayne THIEBAUD	40,489	100	Encased Cakes (2011)	8,464,800
7	George CONDO	36,417	63	DAY OF THE IDOL (2011)	3,735,000
8	Kerry James MARSHALL	35,915	65	Vignette 19  (2014)	18,488,000
9	Richard PRINCE	30,323	71	Park Avenue Nurse (2002)	6,186,800
10	Mark BRADFORD	29,172	59	Helter Skelter II (2007)	8,475,250
11	Jonas WOOD	22,485	43	Japanese Garden 3 (2019)	4,928,500
12	Alex KATZ	20,520	93	Blue Umbrella I (1972)	4,151,368
13	Mark TANSEY	16,253	71	Repairing the Wheel (1996)	3,390,000
14	Brice MARDEN	15,257	82	Number Two (1983/84)	10,920,600
15	Mark GROTJAHN	12,221	52	Untitled (Yellow White Butterfly) (2005)	3,385,336
16	Dana SCHUTZ	9,888	44	Civil Planning (2004)	2,420,000
17	Sam GILLIAM	8,816	87	Pac (1970)	1,405,000
18	Eddie MARTINEZ	8,569	43	High flying bird (2014)	2,009,749
19	Richard SERRA	7,822	81	Judgments on a sheet (1973)	1,398,866
20	John CURRIN	7,495	58	Tolbrook	3,615,000
21	Carl ANDRE	7,457	85	Copper-Steel Alloy Square (1969)	2,973,525
22	Jasper JOHNS	7,055	90	Figure 6 (1964-1972)	2,420,000
23	Pat STEIR	5,474	80	Priscilla Waterfall (1991)	975,000
24	Elizabeth PEYTON	5,399	55	May 1999 (Kirsty + Roe Kissing West 15th Street) (1999)	909,655
25	Robert GOBER	5,169	66	The Split-Up Conflicted Sink (1985)	4,933,900
26	Howard A. TERPNING	5,008	93	Coffee Coolers Meet the Hostiles (1982)	1,392,500
27	Rashid JOHNSON	4,097	43	Untitled Escape Collage (2019)	1,160,000
28	Cindy SHERMAN	3,741	66	Untitled Film Still #21 (1978)	808,370
29	David SALLE	3,603	68	Bigger Rack (1998)	678,063
30	Robert LONGO	3,465	67	Forest of Doxa (2013)	375,000
31	Peter HALLEY	3,349	67	303 (1991)	400,000
32	Barbara KRUGER	3,260	75	Untitled (When I hear the word culture I take out my checkbook) (1999)	519,000
33	Henry TAYLOR	3,138	62	G Related (2004)	756,047
34	Raymond PETTIBON	3,035	63	No Title (It Would Glisten…) (2010)	1,035,000
35	Robert MANGOLD	2,991	83	Triangle within a Circle (1974)	901,768
36	Tschabalala SELF	2,872	30	Sapphire (2015)	487,417
37	Julian SCHNABEL	2,305	69	(Untitled) Chinese (2011)	278,535
38	Jim DINE	2,255	85	Heart and Venus (1985)	225,000
39	Laura OWENS	2,171	50	Untitled (2019)	1,124,000
40	Larry POONS	2,115	83	Jessica’s Hartford (1965)	1,150,000
41	Wade GUYTON	2,035	48	Untitled (2006)	1,340,000
42	Bruce NAUMAN	1,968	79	From Hand to Mouth (1967)	1,575,000
43	Jenny HOLZER	1,953	70	Red Yellow Looming (2004)	535,065
44	Shara HUGHES	1,915	39	Georgia (2007)	337,500
45	Joe BRADLEY	1,894	45	Muggles #9 (2013)	680,000
46	Glenn LIGON	1,860	60	Stranger Drawing #6 (2004)	475,000
47	Loie HOLLOWELL	1,791	37	Lady in Green (2014)	443,022
48	David HAMMONS	1,689	77	Untitled (Body Print) (c.1970)	879,000
49	Stanley WHITNEY	1,689	74	Winter Rap (2005)	367,441
50	Richard H. PETTIBONE	1,654	82	Andy Warhol, ‘Flowers’, 1965, White-Yellow, 16 Variation  (2011)	221,454

Source: Hurun Research Institute. Data was from Artprice.com.

Appendix – Hurun UK and Ireland Art List 2020

Rank	Artist	Sales GBP ‘000	Sales US$’000	Age	Country	Most Expensive Artwork	Highest Result US$
1	David HOCKNEY	104,511	130,638	83	UK	Henry Geldzahler and Christopher Scott (1969)	49,561,791
2	BANKSY	23,732	29,665	46	UK	Devolved Parliament (2009)	12,230,208
3	Cecily BROWN	18,009	22,511	51	UK	Night Passage (1999)	4,120,690
4	Damien HIRST	16,741	20,926	55	UK	The Stygian Shore (2007)	2,660,000
5	Jenny SAVILLE	12,467	15,584	50	UK	Juncture (1994)	7,153,346
6	Bridget RILEY	10,318	12,897	89	UK	Orphean Elegy 7 (1979)	3,487,167
7	Sean SCULLY	8,373	10,466	75	Ireland	Red Bar (2003-2004)	1,760,000
8	Antony GORMLEY	8,186	10,233	70	UK	2 x Splice (2010)	1,086,092
9	Tony CRAGG	4,852	6,065	71	UK	Constant Change (2005)	1,051,086
10	Tracey EMIN	3,254	4,068	57	UK	Hurricane (2007)	572,102
11	Hurvin ANDERSON	2,886	3,608	55	UK	Beaver Lake (1998)	2,675,326
12	Peter DOIG	2,699	3,374	61	UK	Slushy Landscape (with fgures) (1995)	918,411
13	Julian OPIE	2,125	2,656	62	UK	Sam, schoolboy (2001)	114,384
14	Chris OFILI	1,687	2,109	52	UK	Afro Love And Envy (2002-2003)	1,202,696
15	Thomas HOUSEAGO	1,444	1,806	48	UK	Walking Man (1995)	462,445
16	Glenn BROWN	1,426	1,783	54	UK	Senile Youth (2007)	1,597,023
17	Grayson PERRY	1,179	1,474	60	UK	The Guardians (1998)	546,610
18	Peter BLAKE	957	1,197	88	UK	Valentine (1960)	371,718
19	Genieve FIGGIS	795	993	48	Ireland	Birth of Venus (After Alexandre Cabanel) (2018)	303,465
20	Marc QUINN	701	876	56	UK	Masai mura ice sheet (2009)	127,780
21	Allen JONES	654	818	83	UK	One Step Back (1966)	217,686
22	Michael CRAIGMARTIN	580	725	79	Ireland	Commissioned Portrait Untitled (George) (2007)	232,644
23	Sarah LUCAS	571	713	58	UK	Floppy Toilet Uh (2017)	175,000
24	Peter BOOTH	489	612	80	UK	Untitled (1999)	469,615
25	Richard LONG	459	574	75	UK	Green Slate Spiral (1980)	140,953
26	Rose WYLIE	432	540	86	UK	Queen of Sheba with Gold Lump (2012)	229,931
27	Gary HUME	430	538	58	UK	In the Park (1997)	107,788
28	Jim LAMBIE	419	524	56	UK	Careless Whisper (2009)	232,158
29	Edmund DE WAAL	413	516	56	UK	A short history of the shadow (2010)	146,440
30	Callum INNES	356	445	58	UK	Exposed Painting Blue Lake (2012)	62,500
31	Peter HOWSON	311	389	62	UK	Cerberus (1992/93)	65,511
32	Rowan GILLESPIE	307	384	67	Ireland	Portrait of a dreamer 1982 (homage to John Lennon) (1982)	91,360
33	John KELLY	278	347	55	UK	Man Lifting Cow (Large) (2017)	98,866
34	Rachel WHITEREAD	263	328	57	UK	Untitled (Black Books) (1996-1997)	131,389
35	Hughie O’DONOGHUE	261	326	67	UK	The Owl Run (2013)	121,211
36	Gerald SCARFE	254	318	84	UK	Pink Floyd: If you don’t eat yer meat…	52,516
37	Emily YOUNG	240	300	69	UK	Helios	172,790
38	John STOBART	238	297	91	UK	New Orleans, 1871 (1979)	109,250
39	Jack VETTRIANO	225	281	69	UK	Private Dancer	88,467
40	Sarah MORRIS	224	280	53	UK	Paradigm (Los Angeles) (2006)	122,407
41	Jason MARTIN	217	271	50	UK	Concubine (2002)	49,021
42	Arthur Karl MADERSON	214	267	78	UK	Evening, Glen Shelane (Near Cappoquin )	14,309
43	John WARD	204	255	82	UK	Vessel (1999)	17,004
44	Patrick HUGHES	188	236	81	UK	Allsorts (c.1960)	23,676
45	David SHRIGLEY	184	231	52	UK	Counter Editions (2018)	10,580
46	Geoffrey KEY	184	230	79	UK	Piccadilly, Manchester (1965)	20,891
47	Maggi HAMBLING	174	217	75	UK	Cascading Wave (2007)	42,806
48	Kenneth WEBB	158	198	93	UK	Ballinasloe	17,830
49	Jake & Dinos CHAPMAN	157	196	54, 58	UK	Forehead (1997)	49,851
50	Albert WATSON	148	185	78	UK	Kate Moss, Marrakech (Contact) (1993)	29,319

Source: Hurun Research Institute. Data was from Artprice.com.

Appendix – Hurun Japan Art List 2020

Rank	Artist	Sales Japanese Yen 万元	Sales US$’000	Age	Most Expensive Artwork	Highest Result US$
1	Yoshitomo NARA	1,075,154	100,482	61	Knife Behind Back (2000)	24,949,674
2	Yayoi KUSAMA	1,056,898	98,776	91	Interminable Net #4  (1959)	7,953,215
3	Takashi MURAKAMI	224,635	20,994	58	Miss Ko2 Original (Project Ko2) (1997)	3,080,000
4	Tomoo GOKITA	97,416	9,104	51	Be Just Like Family (2015)	1,076,000
5	Ayako ROKKAKU	46,633	4,358	38	Untitled (2017)	188,686
6	Hiroshi SUGIMOTO	29,499	2,757	72	Lake Superior, Cascade River (1995)	400,000
7	Kohei NAWA	18,945	1,771	45	PixCell – Double deer 2	459,418
8	Iwamoto MASAKAZU	14,799	1,383	51	Miniature Diary (2011)	540,488
9	Takesada MATSUTANI	8,670	810	83	Propagation 70(1970)	151,406
10	Moe NAKAMURA	7,930	741	32	Hopehole in heart	90,646
11	Izumi KATO	7,331	685	51	Untitled (2009)	135,349
12	Hiroshi SENJU	6,923	647	62	Waterfall	62,897
13	Nobuyoshi ARAKI	6,790	635	80	Tokyo Comedy (1997)	80,141
14	Jonathan MEESE	5,636	527	50	DER KÄMPFER de LARGE (Der Zeushagen von Troja de NEUTRAL) (2008)	181,250
15	Yoichi OHIRA	3,763	352	74	Unique vase (2002)	45,625
16	Leiko IKEMURA	3,405	318	69	Libelle (from: Wald) (1991)	61,493
17	Shio KUSAKA	3,365	315	48	(Line 65) (2017)	100,000
18	Koji KINUTANI	3,186	298	77	Mt. Fuji with Sun and Moon in gold	35,418
19	Hiroyuki MATSUURA	2,709	253	56	Bambi (Red Flasers) (2009)	76,440
20	Tadaaki KUWAYAMA	2,645	247	88	Untitled (1980)	48,864
21	Hiro YAMAGATA	2,475	231	72	Lunch time (original) (2004)	9,412
22	Hajime SORAYAMA	2,413	226	73	Future Mickey  (2004)	17,735
23	Kishio SUGA	2,211	207	76	Edge configuration (1993)	27,081
24	Aya TAKANO	2,092	195	44	Secrets of the Thousand Year Spiral: Tashiro-Ota (2013)	79,625
25	Tatsuo MIYAJIMA	1,920	179	63	Rainbow Sea-Scape (1970)	58,190
26	AY-O	1,903	178	89	Opposite Vertical (1991)	47,500
27	Chinami NAKAJIMA	1,764	165	75	Weeping cherry tree at Quiet night (2000)	18,437
28	Tadanori YOKOO	1,677	157	84	Forgotten windows on the castle wall (2012)	32,486
29	Chiharu SHIOTA	1,516	142	48	State of being (keys)	44,411
30	Noriko TAMURA	1,466	137	76	Wavering time	20,923
31	Keiichi TANAAMI	1,403	131	84	A Feast with Skeleton (2009)	87,588
32	Tadao ANDO	1,328	124	79	Untitled (2013)	35,031
33	Tadashi KAWAMATA	1,294	121	67	Favela in Houston (1991)	41,225
34	Mitsuru WATANABE	1,113	104	67	Secret of the Forest (2011)	31,986
35	Daido MORIYAMA	1,088	102	82	Stray Dog, Misawa (1971)	12,799
36	Riusuke FUKAHORI	1,015	95	47	Itoshiki-Sui (Schönes Wasser) (2008)	27,636
37	Satoshi YABUUCHI	968	90	67	Goko shii bo (Child thinking five Kalpa)	13,351
38	Toshiro AOKI	968	90	73	Japanese plum and vase (1992)	30,774
39	Hiroshi SUZUKI	935	87	59	Vase ‘Aqua-Poesy VII’ (2005)	26,146
40	Tadasuke KUWAYAMA	930	87	85	D-103 (1966)	39,080
41	Yoko ONO	924	86	87	Play It By Trust (1986/87)	35,000
42	Ai HAIBARA	856	80	39	A sound unable to issue (2009)	32,317
43	Yuko NASAKA	846	79	82	Work (1963)	53,131
44	Hayao MIYAZAKI	837	78	79	My neighbor Totoro	31,951
45	Susumu KOSHIMIZU	806	75	76	Water-Float-Vessel – Ishitsuri (Fishing Of Stone) (1988)	28,829
46	Mitsuo KANO	798	75	87	Breast Region – Or (1980)	11,852
47	Kimiyo MISHIMA	723	68	88	Untitled (c.1960)	19,419
48	Katsura FUNAKOSHI	710	66	69	Drawing no.0439 (2004)	12,917
49	Yasumasa MORIMURA	689	64	69	Self-Portrait As Art History (1998)	18,750

Source: Hurun Research Institute. Data was from Artprice.com.

Appendix – Hurun India Art List 2020

Rank	Artist	Sales Rupees lahk	Sales US$’000	Age	Most Expensive Artwork	Highest Result US$
1	Anish KAPOOR	4,675	6,233	66	Untitled (2004)	863,054
2	Rameshwar BROOTA	1,252	1,670	79	Anatomy of that Old Story (1970)	536,610
3	Krishen KHANNA	723	964	95	Drowning Girl (1970)	142,715
4	Raqib SHAW	571	762	46	An ode dissolving silk of dusk (2011)	407,154
5	Arpita SINGH	537	715	83	Ashvamedha (2008)	287,500
6	Sakti BURMAN	389	518	85	One Afternoon in the Sun (2005)	115,674
7	Subodh GUPTA	381	508	56	Vehicle for the Seven Seas (2004)	137,500
8	Atul DODIYA	336	448	61	Honeycomb (2000)	139,467
9	Thota VAIKUNTAM	287	382	78	Radha and Krishna (2006)	60,292
10	Jitish KALLAT	271	361	46	Untitled (Eclipse) – 6 (2007-2008)	100,008
11	ZARINA	216	289	83	Tears of the Sea (2011)	106,250
12	Himmat SHAH	153	205	87	Untitled	40,166
13	A. RAMACHANDRAN	149	199	85	Girl on the Swing (1976)	86,133
14	Satish GUJRAL	146	195	95	Ganesh (1989)	43,083
15	Manu PAREKH	135	180	81	Moonlight – Temples at Banaras (2017)	54,450
16	Gulam Mohammed SHEIKH	100	133	83	About Friends 3 (Composition In Green And Black) (1965/66)	80,891
17	Jagannath PANDA	99	132	50	The Migrant (2009)	31,727
18	Laxman PAI	75	100	94	Untitled (Procession)  (1949)	34,885
19	Laxma GOUD	71	94	80	Untitled (1970-1972)	14,167
20	Ranjani SHETTAR	70	94	43	Remanence from Last Night’s Dream (2011)	93,750
21	Paresh MAITY	68	90	55	The Glow (1999)	41,140
22	Sudhir PATWARDHAN	58	78	71	Cyclist (2005)	34,893
23	Lalu Prasad SHAW	57	76	83	Untitled (1985)	9,523
24	Prabhakar KOLTE	45	60	74	Untitled (1994)	22,468
25	Surendran NAIR	44	58	64	Et In Ayodhya Ego …If Not, the Stygian Oath of Abjuration (2004-2005)	26,169
26	K. S. RADHAKRISHNAN	43	58	64	Maiya as Graduate (2000)	20,935
27	T.V. SANTOSH	36	48	52	Untitled (2008)	23,180
28	Shanti DAVE	35	46	56	Tacit (1963)	9,850
29	Anju DODIYA	34	45	52	Light My Fire (2005)	26,460
30	Rina BANERJEE	33	44	89	Native siren (2007)	14,040
31	Paramjit SINGH	30	39	85	Untitled (c.1960)	16,294
32	H.G. ARUNKUMAR	29	39	52	Nandi	25,357
33	Jayashree CHAKRAVARTY	28	38	64	Untitled (1989)	22,500
34	Baiju PARTHAN	23	31	64	Legacy (Work / Force) (2015)	12,829
35	Arpana CAUR	22	29	66	Where are all the Soldiers Gone (1984)	13,334
36	Shilpa GUPTA	21	29	44	01:14.9 (2011/12)	28,555
37	Vibha GALHOTRA	20	27	42	Missing (Weaver Bird Nest) (2007)	25,401
38	Shobba BROOTA	18	25	77	Origin 26 (1988)	5,916
39	Tallur L.N.	18	24	49	Halo Vs. Body (2014)	23,814
40	Narayanan AKKITHAM	17	23	81	Untitled (2006)	8,829
41	Valay SHENDE	17	23	40	Dabbawala (c.2015)	22,500
42	Krishnaraj CHONAT	16	21	47	Private Sky (2007)	21,115
43	Vivan SUNDARAM	16	21	77	Untitled (1992)	8,204
44	Manish PUSHKALE	14	19	47	Aadi-Nath (2005)	4,514
45	Celia PAUL	12	17	61	Self Portrait (2017)	16,423
46	Velu VISWANADHAN	12	16	80	Untitled (2004)	11,980
47	Dhananjay SINGH	12	16	43	I am Within You (2016)	15,341
48	Bose KRISHNAMACHARI	12	16	58	Stretched Bodies	8,470
49	Sudarshan SHETTY	12	16	59	Untitled (2006)	11,643
50	Syed THAJUDEEN	12	16	77	Longing for Love (1996)	8,800

Source: Hurun Research Institute. Data was from Artprice.com.

Appendix – Hurun Australia Art List 2020

Rank	Artist	Sales AUS$	Sales US$’000	Age	Most Expensive Artwork	Highest Result US$
1	John Henry OLSEN	1,924,000	1348	92	Seafood Paella (2007)	1,241,358
2	Cressida CAMPBELL	1,779,000	1247	60	Interior with Cat (2010)	1,147,941
3	Timothy Austin STORRIER	1,615,000	1132	71	Starlight over the plain (Night coals) (2008)	1,042,101
4	William Francis ROBINSON	1,095,000	767	84	Morning Tallanbanna (1998)	706,566
5	Garry SHEAD	800,000	561	78	The Studio (2001)	516,338
6	Rick AMOR	710,000	498	72	Figure in a Landscape (2007)	457,855
7	Ronnie TJAMPITJINPA	533,000	374	77	Tingari Ceremonies at the Site of Pintjun	343,740
8	Yvonne AUDETTE	276,000	193	90	Conversation between the stars (1964)	178,068
9	Ildiko KOVACS	226,000	158	58	Float (2004)	145,868
10	Dale Leonard FRANK	206,000	144	61	A One Point Two Five Litre Bottle… (2009)	132,981
11	Kenneth Ronald WHISSON	196,000	137	93	Faces and Boatshape (1974)	126,321
12	Ben QUILTY	169,000	118	47	Skull Rorschach (2007)	109,019
13	Warlimpirrnga TJAPALTJARRI	159,000	111	65	Marawa	102,474
14	John MAWURNDJUL	115,000	81	68	Rainbow Serpent and Water Lilies (1997)	74,105
15	Richard LINTON	104,000	73	85	Flirtation/relationships I	67,114
16	Brook ANDREW	87,000	61	50	Australia I (2012)	56,276
17	Jason BENJAMIN	84,000	59	49	Who You Must Be (2004)	54,325
18	Alexander MCKENZIE	79,100	55	49	Canal, The Third Strike (2009)	51,032
19	Gloria Tamerre PETYARRE	78,700	55	78	Bush Medicine (1995)	50,793
20	Long Jack Phillipus TJAKAMARRA	76,600	54	88	Women’s corroboree (1972)	49,416
21	Jasper KNIGHT	73,300	51	42	Replica Endeavour (2011)	47,296
22	Tony DE LATOUR	72,600	51	55	S.F.O.	46,856
23	Criss CANNING	66,700	47	73	Still Life with Native Flowers and Pears (1985)	43,020
24	Bill HENSON	65,000	46	65	Untitled (1998-2000)	41,933
25	Lawrence M. DAWS	48,000	34	93	Waterlillies (c.1975)	30,994
Top 50	Lionel BAWDEN	Top 50	Top 50	46	The Monsters (The Sense of Location) (2005)	Top 50
Top 50	Margaret BENOIT	Top 50	Top 50	79	Tending the Garden	Top 50
Top 50	Jakayu BILJABU	Top 50	Top 50	83	Well 33 (2009)	Top 50
Top 50	Dean BOWEN	Top 50	Top 50	63	Contained City (2006)	Top 50
Top 50	Elizabeth BROPHY	Top 50	Top 50	94	Market Day	Top 50
Top 50	Graeme DRENDEL	Top 50	Top 50	67	Preparation of the Page (1999)	Top 50
Top 50	Geoffrey DYER	Top 50	Top 50	73	Upper Scamander River (1989)	Top 50
Top 50	Robert HAGAN	Top 50	Top 50	73	Follow the Leader	Top 50
Top 50	Dean HOME	Top 50	Top 50	59	Our Swimming Spot; The Biggest Splash of the Day (2012)	Top 50
Top 50	Abie LOY KEMARRE	Top 50	Top 50	48	Sans titre	Top 50
Top 50	Ken KNIGHT	Top 50	Top 50	64	Change In the Weather – Lorne	Top 50
Top 50	Sam LEACH	Top 50	Top 50	47	Rhinos With Evolution of Colour Terms (2014)	Top 50
Top 50	Jeff MAKIN	Top 50	Top 50	77	Near St. Andrews (1972)	Top 50
Top 50	Noel MCKENNA	Top 50	Top 50	64	Unplaced Effort (1992)	Top 50
Top 50	Danie MELLOR	Top 50	Top 50	49	Bayi Dambun (Glades of Dusk and Shade) (2014)	Top 50
Top 50	Ron MUECK	Top 50	Top 50	62	Untitled (head of a man) (2001)	Top 50
Top 50	Lily Kelly NAPANGARDI	Top 50	Top 50	72	Reve de femmes – Womens dreaming (2012)	Top 50
Top 50	David NOONAN	Top 50	Top 50	51	Untitled (2015)	Top 50
Top 50	Gabriella Possum NUNGURRAYI	Top 50	Top 50	53	Water hole (2008)	Top 50
Top 50	Jeannie MILLS PWERL	Top 50	Top 50	55	Bush Yam	Top 50
Top 50	Emma SUMMERTON	Top 50	Top 50	53	Kloss & Quinn (2018)	Top 50
Top 50	Neil TAYLOR	Top 50	Top 50	75	Cad Crisis (2013)	Top 50
Top 50	Ken UNSWORTH	Top 50	Top 50	89	Free Fall Series II – Stone Cube (1976)	Top 50
Top 50	Vicki VARVARESSOS	Top 50	Top 50	71	Make your face the focal point this season (1977)	Top 50
Top 50	Jenny WATSON	Top 50	Top 50	69	Alice Discovers Gold	Top 50

Source: Hurun Research Institute. Data was from Artprice.com.

About SICA

Shanghai International Commodity Auction Co., Ltd (SICA) is a comprehensive auction company authorized by Shanghai Municipal People’s Government and the former National Internal Trading Ministry. It is the Vice President Company of China Association of Auctioneers, “AAA” grade auction enterprise in China auction industry and “5A” grade credit enterprise in Shanghai auction industry.

SICA is a professional auction agency providing the disposal of assets, assets realization, relevant assets management and consultation service. Recognized as the leading company in Chinese auction industry, SICA is one of the comprehensive auction companies featured with the most diversified products, the strongest marketing capability and the broadest lines of business including real estates, vehicles, supplies, equipment, cultural relics, artworks, collections and intangible assets, etc. It is the asset disposal platform for lots of financial institutions and state-owned groups, as well as the CIIE “6 days+365 days” perennial display trading platform. It is also a “Shanghai Brand” certified company, and was once elected to be a China Well-known trademark and Shanghai Famous Trademark.

It has been 32 years since SICA was established in 1988. As one of the oldest auction companies in China, SICA has always been at the forefront among all the comprehensive auction companies in China and has created lots of classic cases in Chinese auction industry these years.

SICA is equipped with a complete corporate governance structure and a strict internal control system. It is also the first company getting through the certification of ISO9001 and ISO27001 in this industry. SICA has become the designated agency for Shanghai monthly uncommercial vehicle quota auction since 1994. With the auction system invented by ourselves, millions of people have already joined in our online auction. This effective auction system has formed into several online auction platforms, including web version, Wechat, etc. The Wechat official account of SICA has millions of followers now, and SICA APP is also in official operation, which provides powerful technical support for our business transformation. At present, 98 percent of our auction has been moved into online platform.

With more and more new market focuses coming to the fore, SICA is now seizing the opportunity, promoting the internationalization, platformization and professionalization actively , to construct a high-quality interaction platform for auction items and resources during the collision of Chinese and Western cultures. SICA also focuses on helping the construction of “Five Centers” and the “Belt and Road Initiative”, and strives to be a Century Brand in domestic auction industry.

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